Budget 2024: Key points at a glance

Rates of income tax and National Insurance (NI) paid by employees, and of VAT, to remain unchangedIncome tax band thresholds to rise in line with inflation after 2028, preventing more people being dragged into higher bands as wages riseBasic rate capital gains tax on profits from selling shares to increase from from 10% to 18%, with the higher rate rising from 20% to 24%Rates on profits from selling additional property unchanged Inheritance tax threshold freeze extended by further two years to 2030, with unspent pension pots also subject to the tax from 2027Exemptions when inheriting farmland to be made less generous from 2026

Companies to pay NI at 15% on salaries above £5,000 from April, up from 13.8% on salaries above £9,100, raising an additional £25bn a yearEmployment allowance - which allows smaller companies to reduce their NI liability - to increase from £5,000 to £10,500Tax paid by private equity managers on share of profits from successful deals to rise from up to 28% to up to 32% from AprilMain rate of corporation tax, paid by businesses on taxable profits over £250,000, to stay at 25% until next election

5p cut in fuel duty on petrol and diesel brought in by the Conservatives, due to end in April 2025, kept for another year£2 cap on single bus fares in England to rise to £3 from JanuaryCommitment to fund tunnelling work to take HS2 high-speed rail line to Euston station in central London Commitment to deliver upgrade to trans-Pennine rail line between York and Manchester, running via Leeds and Huddersfield Air Passenger Duty on flights by private jet to go up by 50%

New tax of £2.20 per 10ml of vaping liquid introduced from October 2026 Tax on tobacco to increase by 2% above inflation, and 10% above inflation for hand-rolling tobaccoTax on non-draught alcoholic drinks to increase by the higher RPI measure of inflation, but tax on draught drinks cut by 1.7% Government to review thresholds for sugar tax on soft drinks, and consider extending it to "milk-based" beverages

Legal minimum wage for over-21s to rise from £11.44 to £12.21 per hour from AprilRate for 18 to 20-year-olds to go up from £8.60 to £10, as part of a long-term plan to move towards a "single adult rate"Basic and new state pension payments to go up by 4.1% next year due to the "triple lock", more than working age benefitsEligibility widened for the allowance paid to full-time carers, by increasing the maximum earnings threshold from £151 to £195 a week

Current affordable homes budget, which runs until 2026, boosted by £500mSocial housing providers to be allowed to increase rents above inflation under multi-year settlementStamp duty surcharge, paid on second home purchases in England and Northern Ireland, to go up from 3% to 5%

Office for Budget Responsibility predicts the UK economy will grow by 1.1% this year, 2% next year, and 1.8% in 2026Inflation predicted to average 2.5% this year, 2.6% next year, before falling to 2.3% in 2026 Official definition of UK government debt loosened by including a wider range of financial assets, such as future student loan repayments

Extra £22.6bn for day-to-day spending on the NHS in England, and a £3.1bn boost to budget for investment£6.7bn allocated for education investment next year, with £1.4bn earmarked for rebuilding over 500 schools