The World Cup draw is here - this is how it will work

Pots, quadrants, confederation constraints, group position grids... the 2026 World Cup finals draw on Friday is not going to be a straightforward affair.

There's a lot to unpack so we're going to explain it as simply as we can.

Luckily, Fifa will have a computer to do most of the heavy lifting and make sure everything runs smoothly. Though as Uefa found out in 2021, sometimes technology does go wrong.

Let's hope there will be no gremlins in Washington once the draw ceremony kicks off.

Here is how it will work, what to expect and a few key things to look out for.

The ceremony gets started at 17:00 GMT (12:00 local time) on 5 December, but there's going to be far more to this glitzy event than simply pulling the countries out of a hat.

Supermodel Heidi Klum, comedian Kevin Hart and actor and producer Danny Ramirez will co-host.

Before the draw there will be live music performances from Andrea Bocelli, Robbie Williams and Nicole Scherzinger, while Fifa president Gianni Infantino and US President Donald Trump are both expected to make speeches.

Then it is on to video clips of the finalists, introductions and the draw itself.

Once the draw has been completed, the Village People will perform YMCA to bring the curtain down, with the entire ceremony expected to last about 90 minutes.

The 48 teams have been placed into four pots of 12 based primarily on Fifa world rankings.

The exceptions are the three hosts who are automatically in pot one, and the teams who will qualify through the six play-off paths, who go into pot four.

Given some of the teams involved in the four European play-off paths, they have the potential to create some strong groups.

Italy and Denmark would have been in pot two because of their world rankings had they qualified directly, while Wales would have been in pot three.

The six play-off paths are:

Uefa Play-off A: Italy, Wales, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Northern Ireland

Uefa Play-off B: Ukraine, Poland, Albania, Sweden

Uefa Play-off C: Turkey, Slovakia, Kosovo, Romania

Uefa Play-off D: Denmark, Czech Republic, Republic of Ireland, North Macedonia

Fifa Play-off 1: DR Congo, Jamaica, New Caledonia

Fifa Play-off 2: Iraq, Bolivia, Suriname

The 12 groups will include one team from each of the four pots.

Fifa will start by drawing the teams from pot one.

Co-hosts Mexico (A1), Canada (B1) and the United States (D1) will have coloured balls with their flags on to denote their special status. Their group positions are pre-determined to make sure they play all their games in their own countries.

The draw will then continue with pots two, three and four in order.

Fifa's big idea is to set up the best chance of blockbuster ties in the latter stages of the World Cup.

So for the first time it is giving special seeding status to the top four in the world rankings - Spain, Argentina, France and England.

Crucially, this status will only apply if the countries win their groups.

Let's take a look at how it will work, using England as our example.

Each of the four countries will be drawn into a group in a different coloured quadrant of the bracket, as shown in the image below.

Spain (ranked 1) and Argentina (2) must be in opposite halves and cannot meet until the final, likewise France (3) and England (4).

France and England would not be able to meet either Spain or Argentina until the semi-finals.

Let's say that France come out first and go into Group C, placing them into the green quadrant on the right side of the draw. That means England can only go into the blue or turquoise quadrants on the left side, groups E, F, G, H or I.

If Argentina then drop into the blue quadrant, that further restricts England only to turquoise - groups G or H.

Are the four seeds being given an easy ride? Not necessarily.

Each quadrant has a potential last-16 tie between two group winners. For instance, the blue quadrant has a meeting of the winners of Group E and Group I. That means a seeded team could meet another pot one side, let's say perhaps Brazil.

Being drawn into groups C, F, H or J looks potentially more favourable, as it is not possible to play another group winner until the quarter-finals.

If one of the four seeded teams finishes as group runners-up, then they lose the ranking privilege.

So if England were to finish second in Group H, they would move out of turquoise and into red - perhaps meeting Spain, Argentina or France as the winners of Group J in the first knockout round.

There can be no more than one team from the same confederation per group. So, for instance, Brazil and Uruguay (Conmebol) cannot be in the same group, nor can Panama and the United States (Concacaf).

There is an exception for Uefa because there are 16 teams and only 12 groups. That means four groups will contain two European nations.

It all seems relatively straightforward, but as we go on these constraints are going to cause some serious complications as countries skip groups to avoid clashes with teams from their own confederation.

That means it will not just be case of teams slotting into Group A, and then Group B, and then Group C in order as they are drawn.

When we get to pots three and four, it might seem like countries are being sent to random groups.

Fifa needs to prevent something called deadlocking, which happens when it is no longer possible to complete the draw while following the regulations.

The major issue comes from the teams who can potentially qualify via the inter-confederation play-off pathways and will go into pot four.

Pathway 1 has New Caledonia (OFC), Jamaica (Concacaf) and DR Congo (CAF)

Pathway 2 has Bolivia (Conmebol), Suriname (Concacaf) and Iraq (AFC)

Both pathways have a Concacaf team, so they are automatically blocked out of four groups (those containing the United States, Mexico, Canada and Panama).

The first pathway is less of problem, because the only other Oceania team, New Zealand, are also in pot four.

But the second pathway makes it complicated, because there are 17 deadlocking nations in pots one, two and three. So, the only way to complete the draw is for the team that qualifies via this route to go into a group with two European countries and an African nation.

When pot two is being drawn, the computer will have to ensure that there is least one group with two European teams, or one European and one African country.

When it comes to pot three, there will then be two possible draw routes.

If there is one group with two European nations in it, then Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia or the Ivory Coast must join it.

If there is one group with an African and European nation in it, then Norway or Scotland must go into it.

Both could happen, in which case the draw computer will ensure one is filled as necessary.

If we get to pot four and there is only one group which meets this criterion, pathway two will have to go into it.

The other pot-four teams - the four potential play-off winners from Uefa, two from Concacaf, two African and one Asian nation - will have their own deadlock restrictions.

The Uefa play-off paths, which include Wales, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, will have limited four group options because 12 European teams will already have been drawn.

It might be hard to keep up at this point.

Once a team has been drawn they will go into the first available group, adhering to the draw constraints, in alphabetical order.

The draw computer will ensure Spain, Argentina, France and England are placed in groups in the correct quadrant of the bracket.

To speed up the process countries will not be drawn into their specific group positions to set the order of the fixtures.

Seeded countries will all go into position one, with a pre-determined grid for all the other pots, as shown in the image below.

For instance, let's take Scotland in pot three. Their fixture order will be determined by the yellow box.

If they are drawn first from pot three they will go into Group A with Mexico.

The grid shows the team from pot three will go into position two.

The first match is A1 v A2, so Mexico would play Scotland in the opening game of the World Cup.

While nations will know their opponents and match dates on Friday, 5 December they will have to wait 24 hours to find out venues and kick-off times.

The exceptions are groups A (Mexico), B (Canada) and D (US), which contain the three host nations and already have venues for the fixtures, but not kick-off times.

For all other groups, you'll know only the date and the order of matches when Fifa unveils the match schedule in a live broadcast on Saturday, 6 December at 17:00 GMT (12:00 local time).

Fifa president Gianni Infantino will be joined on stage by legends of the game to discuss the key matches.

All 12 groups will play fixtures in this order:

Match Day 1: 1 v 2, 3 v 4

Match Day 2: 1 v 3, 4 v 2

Match Day 3: 4 v 1, 2 v 3